# 1.3. Operasi dan Analisis vektor

QGIS (Quantum GIS) adalah perangkat lunak GIS open-source yang menyediakan berbagai alat dan fitur untuk manipulasi vektor. Berikut adalah beberapa tools di QGIS yang digunakan untuk berbagai jenis manipulasi vektor yang telah dijelaskan:

---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Pemotongan (Clipping)**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Clip` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Memotong fitur dari layer vektor berdasarkan batas fitur dari layer lain. Misalnya, memotong poligon tutupan hutan dengan batas administrasi kota.

<details id="bkmrk-%C2%A0"><summary>Overlay - Lahan pertanian Jawa Tengah &amp; Area Kab. Kebumen</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="187"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721545740.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-overlay-cliping"><summary>Overlay Cliping</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="188"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721545802.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-cliping-finish"><summary>Cliping Finish</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="191"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721545961.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-final-result---luas-"><summary>Final result - Luas lahan pertanian di Kab. Kebumen</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 14.07.18.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-14-07-18.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-14-07-18.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Buffering**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Buffer` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Membuat zona buffer di sekitar fitur dengan jarak tertentu. Buffer sering digunakan untuk analisis dampak atau perlindungan, seperti membuat buffer di sekitar jalan untuk analisis polusi.

<details id="bkmrk-02.-create-buffer---"><summary>02. Create buffer - 10 KM</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="192"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721548252.png" alt=""/></div>

<div drawio-diagram="195"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721548432.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-03.-create-buffer---"><summary>03. Create buffer - 15 KM</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="196"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721548465.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-04.-create-buffer---"><summary>04. Create buffer - 20 KM</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 14.47.40.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-14-47-40.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-14-47-40.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Penggabungan (Union)**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Union` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Menggabungkan dua layer vektor untuk membuat fitur baru yang mencakup area gabungan dari kedua layer. Ini berguna untuk menggabungkan poligon yang mewakili berbagai zona perlindungan.

<details id="bkmrk-sample-area"><summary>Sample area</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="201"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549244.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-union"><summary>Akses menu union</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="200"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549224.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-kontrol-menu-union"><summary>Kontrol menu union</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="199"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549206.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-union"><summary>Hasil union</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 15.02.08.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-02-08.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-02-08.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Pemisahan (Difference)**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Difference` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Menghapus area yang tumpang tindih dari satu layer dengan layer lainnya. Hasilnya adalah area yang tidak tumpang tindih dari layer pertama setelah menghapus area tumpang tindih dengan layer kedua.

<details id="bkmrk-area-diference"><summary>Area Diference</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="205"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549943.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-diference"><summary>Akses Menu Diference</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="204"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549922.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-kontrol-dialog-difer"><summary>Kontrol dialog Diference</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="203"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721549906.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-diference"><summary>Hasil Diference</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 15.15.35.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-15-35.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-15-35.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Interseksi (Intersection)**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Intersection` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Menghasilkan fitur yang mencakup hanya area di mana dua layer vektor saling tumpang tindih. Ini berguna untuk menemukan area yang memiliki atribut dari kedua layer.

<details id="bkmrk-area-intersect"><summary>Area intersect</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="206"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550102.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-intersect"><summary>Akses menu intersect</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="207"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550199.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-kontrol-dialog-inter"><summary>Kontrol dialog intersect</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="208"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550222.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-akhir"><summary>Hasil akhir</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 15.22.53.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-22-53.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-22-53.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Dissolve**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Dissolve` (di bawah `Vector > Geoprocessing Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Menggabungkan fitur yang berbagi atribut tertentu menjadi satu fitur, menghilangkan batas internal. Ini sering digunakan untuk menyederhanakan data dan menggabungkan poligon yang memiliki atribut yang sama.

<details id="bkmrk-area-dissolve"><summary>Area dissolve</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="210"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550670.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-dissolve"><summary>Akses menu dissolve</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="211"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550692.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-kontrol-dialog-disso"><summary>Kontrol dialog dissolve</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="212"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721550709.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-akhir-1"><summary>Hasil akhir</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 15.29.33.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-29-33.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-15-29-33.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Transformasi Koordinat**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Reproject Layer` (di bawah `Vector > Data Management Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Mengubah sistem koordinat dari layer vektor untuk memastikan konsistensi dalam peta atau analisis. Ini melibatkan konversi dari satu sistem koordinat ke sistem koordinat yang lain.

<details id="bkmrk-crs-sebelum-tranform"><summary>CRS sebelum tranformasi</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="214"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721553597.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-tranforma"><summary>Akses menu Tranformasi</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="215"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721553627.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-parameter-transforma"><summary>Parameter transformasi</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="216"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721553654.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-transformasi"><summary>Hasil transformasi</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 16.19.03.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-19-03.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-19-03.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Simplifikasi Geometri**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Simplify Geometry` (di bawah `Vector > Geometry Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Mengurangi kompleksitas geometri dengan mengurangi jumlah titik dalam poligon atau garis. Ini membantu dalam mempercepat pemrosesan dan mengurangi ukuran file.

<details id="bkmrk-vertex-sebelum-simpl"><summary>Vertex sebelum simplifikasi</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 16.27.05.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-27-05.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-27-05.png)

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-simplifik"><summary>Akses menu simplifikasi</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 16.27.33.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-27-33.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-27-33.png)

</details><details id="bkmrk-parameter-simplifika"><summary>Parameter simplifikasi</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 16.28.34.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-28-34.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-28-34.png)

</details><details id="bkmrk-vertex-setelah-simpl"><summary>Vertex setelah simplifikasi</summary>

[![Screenshot 2024-07-21 at 16.32.22.png](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/scaled-1680-/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-32-22.png)](https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/screenshot-2024-07-21-at-16-32-22.png)

</details>---

<span style="color: rgb(35, 111, 161);">**Penggabungan (Merge)**:</span>

- **Tool**: `Merge Vector Layers` (di bawah `Vector > Data Management Tools`)
- **Deskripsi**: Menggabungkan beberapa layer vektor menjadi satu layer baru. Ini berguna untuk menggabungkan data dari berbagai sumber atau layer yang mewakili atribut berbeda.

<details id="bkmrk-layer-penggabungan"><summary>Layer penggabungan</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="222"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721606869.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-akses-menu-merge"><summary>Akses menu merge</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="223"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721606886.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-parameter-merge"><summary>Parameter merge</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="224"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721606904.png" alt=""/></div>

</details><details id="bkmrk-hasil-akhir-penggabu"><summary>Hasil akhir penggabungan</summary>

<div drawio-diagram="225"><img src="https://blog.sandihex.id/uploads/images/drawio/2024-07/drawing-1-1721606944.png" alt=""/></div>

</details>